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Court of assize

Plain-language explanations: what each court handles, and what to do when you receive a summons.

The court of assize judges the most serious crimes. A jury of twelve citizens decides together with the judges. There is one per province and one in Brussels.

Typical cases

  • Murder, manslaughter and other serious crimes
  • As a citizen you can be called to serve as a juror: you must answer that call

Legal basis: art. 150 Grondwet; art. 216 e.v. Wetboek van strafvordering

I received a summons: what now?

  1. Read the summons carefully

    Who is suing you? What do they ask? Before which court? Write down the date, time and address of the hearing.

  2. You may go yourself

    You may go to the hearing yourself, or with a lawyer (art. 728). Before some courts your partner or a relative can also go, with a written power of attorney and if the judge allows it.

  3. Help exists, even free

    A first legal advice is free. On a low income you can get a free or cheap lawyer (pro deo) through the bar's Legal Aid Office (art. 508/1 ff.). The costs of the case can also be covered (legal assistance, art. 664 ff.).

  4. What to bring

    Your identity card, the summons and every document: contracts, letters, invoices, photos. Come a little early and report to the registry or the usher.

  5. At the first hearing

    Often the judge does not decide yet. You can ask for time to answer. The judge then sets dates (art. 747).

  6. What if you don't go?

    Then the judge can decide without hearing you: a default judgment (art. 802 ff.). You can oppose such a judgment within one month of its service (art. 1048).

Called as a juror or a witness? Read the letter carefully and contact the registry if you cannot come.

Summons deadline

These are general rules in plain words, not legal advice. Exceptions exist: check, or ask a lawyer or a justice house for advice.

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